Island in the western Pacific Ocean that lies roughly 100 miles (160 km) off the coast of southeastern China. The main island of Taiwan has an area of 35,808 square kilometres (13,826 sq mi), with mountain ranges dominating the eastern two-thirds and plains in the western third, where its highly urbanised population is concentrated. With 23.57 million inhabitants, Taiwan is among the most densely populated countries in the world.
Taipei, officially Taipei City, is the capital and a special municipality of Taiwan (officially the Republic of China, ROC). Located in Northern Taiwan, Taipei City is an enclave of the municipality of New Taipei City that sits about 25 km (16 mi) southwest of the northern port city of Keelung.